UGC-NET December 2020 & June 2021 Solved Questions with Explanations (1-10)
1. Semantic Web is based on which of the following types of technologies? Choose the correct answer from the following?
(a) Resource Description Framework (RDF) (b) Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
(c) Ontologies
(d) Indentions
Answer: (A) a, b, and c only
Notes: The Semantic Web is an extension of the World Wide Web through standards by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The standards promote common data formats and exchange protocols on the Web, most fundamentally the Resource Description Framework (RDF). According to the W3C, "The Semantic Web provides a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused across application, enterprise, and community boundaries". The term was first coined by Tim Berners Lee for a Web of Data that can be processed by machine. Semantic Web technologies includes, RDF, URI, Ontologies, XMLSchema, OWL and SPARQL.
2. The first US patent for an active RFID tag with rewritable memory was awarded to __.
Answer: (C) Mario Cardullo
Notes: Mario W. Cardullo claims to have received the first U.S. patent for an active RFID tag with rewritable memory on January 23, 1973.
3. Which among the following options are true about the concept of 'Folksonomy'?
(a) It was coined by Thomas Vanderwal (b) It was coined in 2009
(c) It was coined in 2004
(d) It was coined by Brian Acton
(e) It was coined by Jan Koum
Answer: (A) a and c only
Notes: Folksonomy is a user-generated system of classifying and organizing online content into different categories by the use of metadata such as electronic tags. In other words, Folksonomy is the system in which users apply public tags to online items in order to make those items easier for themselves or others to find later. The practice is also called social tagging and social indexing. The term, Folksonomy was coined by Thomas Vander Wal in 2004.
4.Arrange the following with their year of establishment in ascending order:
(a) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) (b) International Telegraph Union
(c) Internet Engineering Task Force
(d) World Wide Web Consortium
Answer: (B)
Notes: International Telegraph Union (1865); American National Standards Institute (1918); Internet Engineering Task Force (1986); World Wide Web Consortium (1994).
5. Which of the following are the Product and Services of OCLC?
(a) E Z Proxy (b) Librarians yellow pages
(c) Green Glass
(d) Cataloguing Distribution Service
Answer: (B) a, and c only
Notes: E Z Proxy is used to provide remote access to the e-contents subscribed by the libraries and helps to connect users to e-content with a single sign-on. GreenGlass is a purpose-built, interactive application that allows you to explore your print collection and manage, share, archive, or remove monographs to transform valuable library space.
6.Which among the following are examples of primary channels of communicating research?
(a) Journals (b) Encyclopedias
(c) Theses
(d) Thesauri
(e) Biographies
Answer: (A) c, and d only
7. Select expert systems from among the following:
(a) DEEPIN (b) PROSPECTOR
(c) REACTOR
(d) MYCIN
Answer: (D) b, c, and d only
Notes: DEEPIN is an open source GNU/Linux operating system, based on Linux kernel and mainly on desktop applications. It was first released in 2004.
8. Who authored the book Practice of Management?
Answer: (D) Peter Drucker
Notes: ‘The Practice of Management’, written by Peter Drucker in 1954, in which he first time used and explain the term ‘Management by Objectives (MBO)’.
9. Theodor Holm Nelson founded Project Xanadu in the year ___.
Answer: (B) 1960
Notes: Project Xanadu was the first hypertext project, founded in 1960 by Ted Nelson (Theodor Holm Nelson).
10. In UNESCO's conceptual model of Media Information Literacy (MIL), 2013, which one of the following circle represents:"The information resources and the means by which information is communicated..."
Answer: (A) Centre Circle
Notes: The conceptual model of MIL (Media and Information Literacy) recognises the importance of all forms of media and of all other information providers, which is represented by the centre circle in the model. This circle represents the information resources and the means by which information is communicated and the media as an institution (e.g., radio, television, newspapers, libraries, archives, museums, mobile devices, oral traditions, etc.). The second circle from the centre ("purpose") summarises research findings on the reasons why people use information and engage with media and other information providers, such as entertainment, association, identification, surveillance, and enlightenment. The third circle from the centre ("understanding") refers to the basic knowledge that all citizens should have about the operations, functions, nature, and established professional and ethical standards of all forms of media and other information providers. The final circle ("process and practice") communicates the various steps that should be taken or competencies citizens should possess to effectively create and use information and media content ethically, as well as engaging with media and other information providers in their social, economic, political, cultural, and personal lives.
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